Vol. 40, No.3, July 2011
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Conference Reports: Regional Conferences
Midwest Junto
Photo courtesy of Peter Ramberg
The 54th meeting of the Midwest Junto took place from 1–3 April, in Lincoln, Nebraska, on the campus of the University of Nebraska. The Junto was founded by Oklahoma's Duane Roller, Wisconsin's Robert Siegfried, and Kansas's Robert Schofield more than a half century ago to provide a professional forum for themselves, students and like-minded individuals unable to afford travel to a national professional meeting. It continues to serve as a central meeting place for persons living in the middle of the United States and beyond. The organization meets annually in spring and is particularly receptive to persons without extensive experience presenting their research to national professional historical organizations. It welcomes work in the history of medicine and the history of technology as well as the history of science. The Midwest Junto retains its founders' vision that it should be informal and loosely organized. The time and place for the Junto's annual meeting is rarely set more than a year in advance. The organization caters to no time period or place. Papers themselves are limited to about fifteen minutes in duration.
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Welcome to Cleveland
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Notes from the Inside
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News
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Conferences
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Member News
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In Memoriam
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A National Defense
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The Weisshorn, 1861 – 2011
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Jobs, Conferences, Grants
David Cahan, the Charles Bessey Professor of History at the University of Nebraska, hosted the 2011 Junto. The Lincoln Junto featured 24 papers, ranging from agricultural chemistry in 18th-century Scotland, to the development of the professional scientist in France, to Nazi scientists in Mark Twain's Missouri. Following a delicious banquet dinner at Lazlo's Brewery and Grill, Robert Seidel gave the Stuart Pierson Memorial Lecture, speaking on science and power as it related to the development of nuclear weapons.
The 55th annual meeting of the Midwest Junto for the History of Science will be held in the spring of 2012 at the Missouri University of Science and Technology in Rolla, Missouri; dates to be announced. The Junto welcomes short papers on topics in the history and philosophy of science, technology, and medicine. Graduate students are strongly encouraged to participate. Please check the web site in late 2011/early 2012 for an announcement of dates and a call for papers.
For questions, please contact Jeff Schramm, schrammj@mst.edu, or Junto secretary Peter Ramberg, ramberg@truman.edu.
SoHOST 2011
Alex Roland (Duke University) delivering the plenary talk at SoHOST 2011
The Auburn University History Department hosted the 2011 Southern Regional Conference for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (SoHOST) on April 1 and 2. On Friday night, a dinner was highlighted by a keynote address given by Alex Roland of Duke. Roland addressed the dual nature of constructing a biography. On Saturday, nineteen presenters from ten different institutions gave papers on a variety of topics in the history of science, technology, and medicine. In the morning sessions, papers discussed the masculinity of deodorant and astronauts, leprosy research in Louisiana, vivisection in Edwardian England, the ways in which professionals classify the body, and the Cold War in popular culture. Following lunch, topics included various representations of health, infrastructure, food production, and the scientific method. The conference and the papers all received positive feedback.
SoHOST is an attempt to combine the traditions of other regional conferences, such as the Midwest Junto and the Columbia History of Science Group at Friday Harbor. The conference provides a welcoming environment for graduate student presentations along with more established scholars as well as a collegial venue to allow the growing community of scholars in the South to present new material. This year's meeting was the fifth iteration of SoHOST. The conference rotates to different universities each year.
Michael Johnson, mpj0001@tigermail.auburn.edu
SAHMS Conference
The Southern Association for the History of Medicine and Science (SAHMS) met at the Peabody Hotel (famous for its parade of ducks), Memphis, Tennessee, 4–5 March 2011, in a conference consisting of 20 sessions. The meeting was attended by 22 student and 66 full registrants, 88 in all. The keynote speaker was pathologist Jerry Francisco, MD, "Two Kings: A Study in Contrasts," on the finding in the cases of Elvis Presley and Martin Luther King. The meeting was sponsored by the University of Tennessee Medical Center Library, Richard Nollan, Local Arrangements Chair. Next year's meeting will be held at the Emory Conference Center, Atlanta, GA, 2–3 March 2012. For details go to www.sahms.net.
Lone Star Historians of Science
Left to right: Tom Williams, Erik Norquest, Gül Russell, Bruce Beck, Perrin Selcer, Steve Kirkpatrick, Anthony Stranges, Ian Russell, Beth Hedrick, Bruce Hunt, Colleen Witt, and Angela Smith.
Continuing a now-longstanding tradition, the Lone Star History of Science Group held its twenty-fourth annual meeting on 22 April 2011 at the University of Texas in Austin. The gathering was hosted by Bruce Hunt of the UT History Department, with help from graduate student Angela Smith.
The speaker this year was Professor Ian Russell of the Texas A&M Health Sciences Center at College Station, who told the fascinating story of the Primate Research Station that the Prussian Academy of Sciences established at Tenerife in the Canary Islands in 1912. Under Eugen Teuber and then Wolfgang Köhler, the Tenerife station did pioneering work in cognitive neuroscience, particularly through behavioral studies of problem-solving by chimpanzees. The activities of the station were not confined to research, however, and Professor Russell presented strong evidence that it also served as a front for German Naval Intelligence to gather information on passing vessels and, after the outbreak of World War I, to coordinate U-boat attacks on British shipping. Professor Russell's talk focused on the astonishing scientific productivity of the Tenerife station, particularly in its first year or so of operation, and more broadly on the role serendipity plays in science, as opportunities for research sometimes arise under the most unexpected circumstances.
After a lively discussion, the group headed off to enjoy dinner and further conversation at a local Indian restaurant.
Each spring, the Lone Star Group draws together historians of science, technology, and medicine from around Texas to discuss their shared interests and enjoy a friendly dinner. Its constitution, adopted at an Austin restaurant in 1988, provides that there shall be "no officers, no by-laws, and no dues," and the group remains resolutely informal. The next Lone Star meeting will be hosted by Professor Cyrus Mody at Rice University in Houston in March or April 2012. Anyone wishing to be added to the group's mailing list should contact Bruce Hunt of the University of Texas at bjhunt@mail.utexas.edu.
Columbia History of Science Group
The Columbia History of Science Group (CHSG) held its annual meeting at the University of Washington's Friday Harbor Labs on San Juan Island, 4–5 March 2011. The CHSG has been meeting for almost three decades, with an emphasis on providing a congenial atmosphere for scholars to share their research in the history of science.
This year's meeting began with a fascinating keynote address by Elizabeth Watkins, of the University of California at San Francisco entitled "The American Way of Stress." Watkins analyzed the changing popular and professional understanding (and treatment) of "stress" throughout the 20th century. The keynote address was followed by an evening reception.
Saturday's morning session commenced bright and early, with a series of papers on the history of conservation and ecology by Kristoffer Whitney of the University of Pennsylvania, Henry Trim of the University of British Columbia, and Gina Rumore of the University of Minnesota. Exploration provided the theme of the late-morning session, during which Brian Shefke of the University of Washington shared his research on the collecting networks of the Hudson Bay Company, and Daniel Zizzamia of Montana State University spoke on paleontology and fossils fuels in the American West. The first afternoon session included papers by Kelly Kistner of the University of Washington (on epistemological reasoning in the work of the Grimm Brothers), Patrick Slaney of the University of British Columbia (on scientific internationalism during the cold war), and Tara Coffin of the University of Washington (on the presentation of eugenics in textbooks). Finally, the day was rounded off by Michael Riordan of the University of California, Santa Cruz speaking on the Superconducting Super Collider, Marci Baranski of Arizona State University sharing her research on the Green Revolution and climate change, and Joshua Howe of Montana State University presenting on gender in the history of global warming science and politics.
Photograph of Sir William Herschel's surprise appearance courtesy of Eddie Schwieterman.
The wide range of talks inspired conversations that attendees pursued during the traditional afternoon break, as they wandered along the beaches and through the woods at the Friday Harbor Laboratories. A traditional wine and oyster reception commenced the evening festivities. Attendees then proceeded to the more formal Milosian Banquet (at which, as always, Black Tie is optional) where they celebrated the major and minor accomplishments of the weekend. No doubt, the major event of the weekend was the surprising appearance of Sir William Herschel, who delivered a paper on his observations of planets and nebulae. For his role in facilitating the arrival of his friend, Woody Sullivan (of the University of Washington) received one of CHSG's coveted annual awards.
The CHSG's next meeting—our 30th anniversary—will be held at Friday Harbor Labs 9–11 March 2012. For more information visit us at columbiahistoryofsciencegroup.org.
Panhellenic Meetings on the History of Medicine Held in Athens, Greece
This spring, three meetings on the history of medicine were held in Athens, Greece. The forth Panhellenic Meeting on the History of Medicine, "History of Psychiatry," was held 4–5 February 2011; the fifth, "Louis Pasteur," on April 1; and the sixth, a two-day meeting on the history of obstetrics and gynecology, was held May 13 and 14.
Yale Hosts Workshop on Plant and Animal Breeding
A lively and stimulating workshop took place at Yale University over the weekend of 3–5 June 2011 on the emerging field of plant and animal breeding and the ways in which innovators sought to protect their intellectual property in their living products. Sponsored by the Yale Program in the History of Science and Medicine, with assistance from CERMES, in Paris, the workshop drew some 25 participants from the U.S. and Europe and covered the period from the early nineteenth century to recent decades. The workshop included a special session at the Yale Center for British Art, where Dan Kevles, of Yale, spoke on "Art and Property in Plants and Animals." Angus Trumble, a Senior Curator, and Amy Meyers, the Center's Director, gave the participants a tour of selected paintings and illustrations relevant to plant and animal science.
Further information: http://www.ipbio.org/pdfs/finalprogram.pdf
UW Madison Hosts Conference in Honor of David Lindberg
On June 4, the departments of Medical History and Bioethics and the History of Science co-hosted a conference entitled "Wrestling With Nature" in honor of the lifetime achievement of Sarton Medal winner, emeritus college wrestler, and past HSS president David Lindberg. Presentations encompassed the full spectrum of Professor Lindberg's interests, spanning ancient, medieval, and modern science. The conference coincided with the release of a new book from University of Chicago Press, Wrestling With Nature: From Omens To Science, edited by Michael Shank, Peter Harrison, and Ronald Numbers. The editors dedicated the book to Professor Lindberg, celebrating him as "an enthusiastic teacher, a wise mentor, a congenial collaborator, a thoughtful and supportive colleague, and a good friend."
David Lindberg's graduate teaching has left a mark on the history of science almost as deep as his scholarship has. He supervised the following dissertations, whose authors' names will be familiar to many HSS readers:
- Nicholas H. Steneck, The Problem of the Internal Senses in the Fourteenth Century (1970)
- Sabetai Unguru, Witelo As a Mathematician: A Study in XIIIth Century Mathematics Including a Critical Edition and English Translation of the Mathematical Book of Witelo's Perspectiva (1970)
- Wilfred Robert Theisen, The Mediaeval Tradition of Euclid's Optics (1970)
- Stephen C. McCluskey, Jr. Nicole Oresme on Light, Color, and the Rainbow: An Edition and Translation, with Introduction and Critical Notes, of Part of Book Three of His Questiones Super Quatuor Libros Meteororum (1974)
- William B. Ashworth, Jr. The Sense of the Past in English Scientific Thought of the Early 17th Century: The Impact of the Historical Revolution (1975)
- Albert Mark Smith, Witelo on the Principles of Reflection (1976)
- Philip Martin Teigen Richard Seymer's Golden Workes of Phisecke & Surgury (c. 1576): An Edition with Introduction and Glossary (1976)
- Jack Peter Zetterberg, "Mathematicall Magick" in England: 1550-1650 (1976)
- Cemil Akdogan, Optics in Albert the Great's De Sensu Et Sensato: An Edition, English Translation, and Analysis (1978)
- Robert Alan Hatch, Ismael Boulliau (1605-1694) Astronomer, Savant: An Inventory of the Collection Boulliau (BN, FF 13019-13059) with a Biographical Introduction (1978)
- Robert Bruce MacLaren, A Critical Edition and Translation, With Commentary, of John Pecham's Tractatus De Sphera (1978)
- Elaine Condouris Stroud, Thomas Hobbes' A Minute or First Draught of the Optiques: A Critical Edition (1983)
- Joella Gerstmeyer Yoder, Christiaan Huygens' Theory of Evolutes: The Background to the Horologium Oscillatorium (1985)
- Steven Harris, Jesuit Ideology and Jesuit Science: Scientific Activity in the Society (1988)
- Pamela Gossin, Poetic Resolutions of Scientific Revolutions: Astronomy and the Literary Imaginations of Donne, Swift, and Hardy (1989)
- James M. Lattis, Christopher Clavius and the Sphere of Sacrobosco: The Roots of Jesuit Astronomy on the Eve of the Copernican Revolution (1989)
- Jole Shackelford, Paracelsianism in Denmark and Norway in the 16th and 17th Centuries (1989)
- Mark Edward Ehrlich, Interpreting the Scientific Revolution: Robert Hooke on Mechanism and Activity (1992)
- Charles E. Bashaw, Montaigne and the Skeptical Tradition (2001)
Further information:
The full program and press release may be found at: http://histsci.wisc.edu/department/news.php
York University, Toronto, Holds Workshop on "Revisiting Evolutionary Naturalism"
A workshop entitled "Revisiting Evolutionary Naturalism" took place on 6–7 May 2011, at the Institute for Science and Technology Studies at York University in Toronto. Organized by Gowan Dawson and Bernard Lightman, the workshop was sponsored by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the Humanities Department, and the Offices of the VP Research and Innovation and the Dean of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies. Post-doctoral fellow Melinda Baldwin ably handled local arrangements with the help of Science and Technology Studies PhD students Cam Murray and Ali McMillan. The purpose of the workshop was to re-evaluate the place of evolutionary naturalists, such as T. H. Huxley, John Tyndall, Joseph Dalton Hooker, and Herbert Spencer, in Victorian science and culture. Papers were given by scholars of Victorian science from Canada, the United States, Britain, and New Zealand, including Melinda Baldwin, Ruth Barton, Peter Bowler, Gowan Dawson, James Elwick, Jim Endersby, Bernard Lightman, Josipa Petrunic, Ted Porter, Michael Reidy, Jonathan Smith, Robert Smith, Matthew Stanley, Michael Taylor, and Paul White. George Levine delivered an exciting public lecture in which he eloquently argued that the scientific naturalists dealt with the paradoxes of their position through art rather than science.
Many of the papers made it clear that evolutionary naturalism was influential across the scientific disciplines. Petrunic focused on the role of mathematics in W. K Clifford's evolutionary theory; Jonathan Smith examined the incorporation of evolutionary naturalism into Alfred Newton's ornithology; and Dawson dealt with Huxley's paleontology. A number of papers centered on hitherto unexamined aspects of evolutionary naturalism. Robert Smith discussed how evolutionary naturalists working in astronomy deployed the nebular hypothesis in support of their creed. Elwick reminded us that evolutionary naturalists were heavily involved in the Victorian examination system and that they graded thousands of exams during their careers. Reidy fascinated the audience with his account of the competition between Leslie Stephen and John Tyndall to climb the tallest alpine peaks. Lightman probed Huxley's agenda while Huxley served on the Devonshire Commission.
Another group of papers were concerned with how evolutionary naturalists treated the issue of science and religion. Barton discussed theses naturalists' participation in the Sunday Lecture Society, Stanley their concept of the uniformity of nature, and White their participation in the Metaphysical Society debates on faith and science. Other papers questioned to what extent important figures actually belonged to the evolutionary naturalist group. Endersby tackled Joseph Dalton Hooker while Taylor investigated Herbert Spencer. The final session looked at later generations of evolutionary naturalists. Baldwin concentrated on their relationship to the journal Nature, Bowler on their association with early twentieth-century rationalism, and Porter on Karl Pearson and public science.
A spirited debate took place at the end of the workshop, as participants grappled with a terminological problem. Should we refer to this group of intellectuals as "scientific naturalists" (the late Frank Turner's preferred term), as "evolutionary naturalists" (which could signal that the workshop is trying to approach them in new ways), or by some other label that better captures their place in British cultural life in the second half of the nineteenth century? As a means of determining where everybody stood at the end of the conference, a vote was taken. Of the seventeen who voted, seven were in favor of "scientific naturalism," two in favor of "evolutionary naturalism," and eight abstained. The editors of the volume that will come out of the workshop have their work cut out for them.
Group picture outside Bethune College. Top row, from left to right: Robert Smith, Ben Mitchell, Paul Fayter, Kristen Hardy, Peter Bowler, Richard Jarrell, Gowan Dawson, Richard England, Paul White, Jim Endersby, George Levine, Ted Porter, Matthew Stanley, Cameron Murray.
Middle row, from left to right: Tina Choi, Suzanne Bailey, Josipa Petrunic, Sonja Pushchak, Katharine Anderson, Jonathan Smith, Elizabeth Neswald.
Bottom row, from left to right: Ruth Barton, Melinda Baldwin, John Morden, Michael Reidy, Bernie Lightman, James Elwick, Michael Taylor, Matthew Kaufman
Picture taken by: Ali McMillan
Upcoming Conferences, Fellowships, and Prizes
Seventh Joint Meeting of the BSHS, CSHPS, and HSS
Tuesday–Friday, 10–13 July 2012, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
The seventh joint meeting of the British Society for the History of Science, the Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Science, and the History of Science Society will take place in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA from 10–13 July 2012. Previous successful meetings were in Oxford, England (2008); Halifax, Nova Scotia (2004); St Louis, Missouri (2000); Edinburgh, Scotland (1996); Toronto, Canada (1992); and Manchester, England (1988).
Unlike some 3-Society Meetings in the past, the 2012 conference has no stated theme; papers on all topics in the history of science are welcome. As 2012 marks the centennial of Isis, papers related to the history of both Isis and/or the discipline would be timely.
The Philadelphia Area Center for the History of Science (PACHS) is helping with the arrangements. Dorm room accommodations will be available at the University of Pennsylvania, and a small number of hotel rooms will be reserved for the conference (individuals will need to call the hotel directly or visit the HSS web site, www.hssonline.org, for reservations). The program will include parallel themed sessions, plenary lectures, education and outreach activities, and events at the American Philosophical Society, the Chemical Heritage Foundation, and the University of Pennsylvania. A more extensive social program is being developed by the local organizers. The conference schedule will offer delegates the opportunity to explore the many attractions to be found in the "City of Brotherly Love," including Philadelphia's extensive links to the history of science.
The Program Committee welcomes proposals for sessions or individual papers from researchers at all stages of their careers. Participation is in no way limited to members of the three organizing societies, but there will be a registration discount for members. Intending participants should also note that the usual HSS rules concerning presenting at successive conferences do not apply to this meeting.
The deadline for submitting a session or abstract is 5 December 2011.
Full details of how to submit your session or abstract will be available shortly on the HSS website at hssonline.org. Inquiries concerning this conference should be directed to info@hssonline.org.
CFP: Integrated History and Philosophy of Science—&HPS4
Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens, Greece, 15–18 March 2012
Keynote speakers:
Jed Z. Buchwald (California Institute of Technology)
Thomas Ryckman (Stanford University)
Call for Papers
We invite the submission of individual paper abstracts for &HPS4, the fourth of a series of international conferences under the general heading of "Integrated History and Philosophy of Science." We solicit contributions that exemplify the combination of historical and philosophical analysis of science or discuss the possibilities and merits of integrated HPS as a scholarly endeavor. In light of the 50th anniversary of the publication of Thomas Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions, we also welcome submissions that discuss Kuhn's classic and its continuing relevance for integrating HPS.
Proposals for papers (in either Word or PDF format) should include:
Title and abstract of the paper. In order to enable the program committee to make more informed decisions, we request abstracts on the order of 1000 words. If you are aware of other submitters whose work might well be grouped with yours in a symposium session, please alert us to that fact.
Address of the participant, including e-mail, phone, and institution
The deadline for submission of abstracts for &HPS4 is 1 September 2011. Decisions will be announced by 31 October 2011. Please direct your submissions to: andhps@phs.uoa.gr. Please visit the following web sites for a sampling of the work presented at prior meetings:
http://www.pitt.edu/~pittcntr/Events/All/Conferences/others/other_conf_2007-08/andHPS/andHPS.htm; http://www.nd.edu/~andhps/; http://www.indiana.edu/~andhps/
Limited financial support for scholars presenting work at &HPS4 will be available.
For further information about &HPS4, you may visit the conference web site: http://conferences.phs.uoa.gr/andhps/
Questions can be directed to andhps@phs.uoa.gr or to the local organizers:
- Theodore Arabatzis, tarabatz@phs.uoa.gr
- Kostas Gavroglu, kgavro@phs.uoa.gr
- Vasso Kindi, vkindi@phs.uoa.gr
- Stathis Psillos, psillos@phs.uoa.gr
Forum for the History of Science in America Graduate Student Travel Award
Graduate Students presenting papers on American topics (broadly defined) at the History of Science Society Annual Meeting are invited to apply for travel assistance funding from the Forum for the History of Science in America. The Forum will be awarding one grant of $250.00 (USD) to assist with the cost of traveling to and attending the meeting. To apply, please submit the following: The title/panel/abstract for the paper being presented. A brief statement indicating a) whether or not the applicant has additional or alternative sources of travel funds (e.g. departmental support); b) whether the applicant has presented papers at previous HSS meetings; c) estimated cost of transportation to the meeting (e.g. airfare). The successful candidate will be presented with the award at the Forum's Annual Business meeting normally held during the lunch hour on the Friday of the Conference. Please send your application materials via email to Professor Gwen Kay (gwen.kay@oswego.edu) by 31 August 2011.
Soliciting Nominations for 2011 Forum for the History of Science in America Article Prize
The Forum for the History of Science in America has begun gathering articles for its 2011 Publication Prize. Here are the eligibility criteria:
- Any article published in the English language in a professional journal issue (or chapter in a multi-authored edited volume) dated 2008, 2009 or 2010 and
- Authored by a scholar(s) who received a PhD in 2001 or afterward (i.e. recent PhDs and graduate students are eligible for the article prize),
- On a topic in American Science ("American" loosely defined to include the western hemisphere, "science" conservatively defined to exclude articles focusing on either the "clinical and social history of medicine" or the "history of technology").
Authors are encouraged to self-nominate. Please submit PDFs of published articles to David Spanagel: spanagel@wpi.edu between now and 31 July 2011.
Dibner History of Science Program at the Huntington, 2012–2013 Fellowships
The Dibner History of Science Program offers historians of science and technology the opportunity to study in the Burndy Library and the other history of science and technology resources at the Huntington.
Short-Term Awards
- Eligibility: PhD or equivalent; or doctoral candidate at the dissertation stage.
- Tenure of fellowship: One to five months.
- Amount of award: $2,500 per month.
Long-Term Awards
- Eligibility: PhD or equivalent. Applicants must have received their PhD by June of 2011.
- Tenure of fellowship: Nine to twelve months.
- Amount of award: $50,000.
Applicants can be conducting research or already be at the writing stage and need reference materials only.
The deadline for 2012–2013 fellowship applications is 15 December 2011. For information on how to apply, please go to the "Research" section of The Huntington's web site at http://www.huntington.org/huntingtonlibrary.aspx?id=566.
Arizona State University Visiting Graduate Training Program
The Embryo Project at Arizona State University announces our NSF-funded Training Grant. We have hired a postdoctoral fellow, Nathan Crowe, who will soon complete his PhD from the University of Minnesota. Nathan will join our team led by Jane Maienschein, Manfred Laubichler, and Jason Robert, with Grant Yamashita as a continuing postdoc helping on the informatics side.
Beginning in January 2012, we will select a cohort of 6-8 visiting graduate students to join our project for writing, editing, and informatics training as part of the Embryo Project. We will begin a formal selection process in the fall, but we are announcing the program now and invite you to tell us if you are interested so that we can make sure you receive information and application materials. You need not specialize in history of embryology, but in any area of history of life or related sciences with a willingness to find points of contact and to learn.
Visitors must be graduate students in good standing, with funding from another institution that covers your salary and health insurance and any necessary visas in hand. ASU will make you a visiting scholar and provide your local housing and transportation. Students will be in residence for a minimum of 8 weeks, from mid January to mid March, and may request to stay the entire semester. In addition, all participants will be invited to join the History of Biology Seminar that we hold every year as part of the new ASU-MBL HPS Program (though the seminar is going into its 25th year).
For more information on the project, see http://www.embryo.asu.edu
To express interest or for more information, please contact: Jane Maienschein (maienschein@asu.edu) or Jessica Ranney (Jessica.ranney@asu.edu)